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L‘interférence virale chez les Alphaherpesvirinae Volume 7, issue 5, septembre-octobre 2003

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Authors
Département des maladies infectieuses et parasitaires, Service de virologie, épidémiologie et pathologie des maladies virales, Faculté de médecine vétérinaire, Université de Liège, boulevard de Colonster, 20, bât. B43b, B‐4000 Liège, Belgique REGA Instituut KU. Leuven, Minderbroedersstraat, 10, B‐3000 Leuven, Belgique *Adresse actuelle : Division virologie animale, Centre d‘économie rurale, B‐6900 Marloie, Belgique

The word interference includes all mechanisms by which a virus prevents the multiplication of another virus in infected and healthy cells. Two systems of classification of interference are commonly used. The first, depending on the degree of relatedness between the two viruses, distinguishes homologous and heterologous interference. The second is based on the underlying mechanism and distinguishes six types of interference : interference based on interferons, on incompatibility of heterologous viruses, on superinfection exclusion, on defective interfering particles, on dominant‐negative mutants and on small interfering RNA (siRNA). In the Herpesviridae family, the Alphaherpesvirinae sub‐family includes important human and animal pathogens such as the herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2 and the varicella‐zoster virus in humans, the pseudorabies virus in pigs and the bovine herpesvirus 1. In the present paper, a review of the different types of interference is undertaken, with special emphasis on the Alphaherpesvirinae sub‐family.