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Hépato-Gastro & Oncologie Digestive

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Vascular liver diseases Volume 25, issue 8, Octobre 2018

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Tables

Authors
1 Hôpital Beaujon, Service d’hépatologie, Centre de référence des maladies vasculaires du foie, DHU Unity, Pôle des maladies de l’appareil digestif, 100 boulevard du Général Leclerc, 92100 Clichy, France
2 INSERM, UMR-970, Paris Cardiovascular Research Center - PARCC, Paris, France
3 Université Denis Diderot-Paris 7, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 75018, Paris, France
* Tirés à part

The term “porto-sinusoidal vascular disease” (PSD) encompasses various entities characterized by alterations of the portal venules and/or the sinusoids, called idiopathic portal hypertension, intrahepatic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension, obliterative portal venopathy, or nodular regenerative hyperplasia. Different conditions can be associated with PSD including prothrombotic states, immune-based diseases, HIV infection and antiretroviral treatment, other medications and prothrombotic factors. Liver biopsy is crucial for the diagnosis of PSD. The main complications of PSD are variceal bleeding and portal venous system thrombosis. Therapeutic options currently available for patients with PSD include prophylaxis for variceal bleeding using betablockers and/or endoscopic band ligation and TIPSS (transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt) or liver transplantation for severe cases.

Portal vein thrombosis (PVT) is common in patients with cirrhosis. PVT is partial in a majority of the patients in whom it develops and may spontaneously resolve in some of them. PVT is associated with features of more severe liver disease. Anticoagulation should be considered in patients with superior mesenteric vein thrombosis, and in patients who are potential candidates for liver transplant. The risk of bleeding does not seem to be increased in patients with cirrhosis receiving anticoagulation therapy, when platelet count is above 50 000/mm3.

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