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Efficacy of the ketogenic diet on ACTH- or corticosteroid-resistant infantile spasm: a multicentre prospective control study Volume 23, numéro 2, April 2021

Figure 1

Study design.Patients were non-randomized to the KD or control group. The observation period was 16 weeks (treatment phase), which was divided into the initial phase (first week) and maintenance phase (2nd to 16th week). Patients in the KD and control groups were followed by telephone (white arrow) and face-to-face interview (black arrow). Routine testing for blood and urine, liver and renal function, electrolytes and lipid profile was regularly performed in the KD group (grey circle).

Figure 2

Study flow diagram. A total of 227 children with IS were recruited and non-randomly assigned to the KD group (n=135) and control group (n=92). A total of 17 children withdrew, including 13 patients in the KD group and four patients in the control group. Finally, 210 children (122 in the KD group, 88 in the control group) completed the 16 weeks of treatment.