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Acute complications of major sickle cell syndromes at Ziguinchor Peace Hospital (HPZ), Senegal Volume 21, issue 4, Octobre-Novembre-Décembre 2018

Authors
1 UFR sciences de la santé de l’université Assane Seck de Ziguinchor, Hôpital de la Paix de Ziguinchor, Sénégal
2 Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, hôpital Abass-Ndao, Sénégal
3 Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, hôpital d’enfants Albert-Royer de Dakar, Sénégal
4 Université Gaston Berger de Saint Louis, Hôpital régional de Saint-Louis, Sénégal
5 Université de Thiès, hôpital d’enfants de Diamniadio, Sénégal
6 Hôpital régional de Ziguinchor, Sénégal
7 Hôpital de la paix de Ziguinchor, Sénégal
8 Université Cheikh Anta Diop de Dakar, hôpital Aristide Le Dantec de Dakar, Sénégal
* Tirés à part

Introduction: Sickle cell disease is a public health problem in Senegal. In the homozygous SS form, 50% of children die before the age of 5, in the absence of appropriate management, mainly because of acute gave complications. The objective of our work was to evaluate the acute complications presented by children in the HPZ cohort.

Materials and methods: This was a retrospective study, ranging from January 1, 2016 to December 31, 2017. It involved all children who were followed for major sickle cell syndrome (MDS) in the pediatric department of HPZ. Included in the study were SS homozygous sickle cell patients and SC composite heterozygotes. Neonates and children with S beta-thalassemia were not included in the study. The studied parameters were the epidemiological data; clinical and acute complications.

Results: During the study period 73 patients (42 boys and 31 girls) were followed for MDS. The average age was 8,12 years [9 months - 25 years]. More than 2/3 of the children (69,86%) were under 10 years old. The average number of hospitalizations was 0,71 [0–3]. Twenty-five percent of the patients had 2 or 3 hospitalizations. Fifty-two children had been transfused at least once. Acute complications were represented by the vaso-occlusive crisis in 79,45% of cases; infections in 69,86% of cases; hyperhemolysis in 32,88% of cases; acute thoracic syndrome in 21,92% of cases.

Conclusion: Acute complications are common in children with sickle cell disease followed in pediatric HPZ. Some serious forms require a background treatment (hydroxy-urea or transfusion program).

Licence This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License