This article is an update of the current position and prospects of nuclear medicine for prostate cancer. Nuclear medicine plays a major role in prostate cancer imaging, in particular, in the assessment of bone extension, mainly through bone scintigraphy using 18F-Na PET, as well as investigation of biochemical recurrence using 18F-choline PET, and more recently and effectively, using 18F-fluciclovine PET and 68Ga-PSMA PET.
Nuclear medicine is currently less prominent in the treatment of prostate cancer. In supportive care, it is used as treatment for symptomatic bone metastases using 153samarium-EDMP, and as an anticancer treatment, using 223radium, for the treatment of castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRmPC) with symptomatic bone metastases. In the future, nuclear medicine is likely to play a greater therapeutic role against prostate cancer based on the use of PSMA ligands labelled with 177lutetium or 225acetinium.