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Can we predict refractory epilepsy at the time of diagnosis? Volume 7, supplement 1, Supplement 1, September 2005

Berg et al, 2003 Berg AT, Langfitt J, Shinnar S, et al. How long does it take for partial epilepsy to become intractable? Neurology 2003; 60: 186-90.

Berg et al, 1996 Berg AT, Levy SR, Novotny EJ, Shinnar S. Predictors of intractable epilepsy in childhood: a case-control study. Epilepsia 1996; 37: 24-30.

Berg et al, 2001 Berg AT, Shinnar S, Levy SR, et al. Early development of intractable epilepsy in children: a prospective study. Neurology 2001; 56: 1445-52.

Berg et Shinnar, 1991 Berg AT, Shinnar S. The risk of seizure recurrence following a first unprovoked seizure: A quantitative review. Neurology 1991; 41: 965-72.

Camfield et al, 1996 Camfield CS, Camfield PR, Gordon KE, Dooley JM. Does the number of seizures before treatment influence ease of control or remission of childhood epilepsy? Not if the number is 10 or less. Neurology 1996; 46: 41-4.

Cockerell et al, 1997 Cockerell OC, Johnson AL, Sander JWAS, Shorvon SD. Prognosis of epilepsy: a review and further analysis of the first nine years of the British National General Practice Study of Epilepsy, a prospective population-based study. Epilepsia 1997; 38: 31-46.

Dlugos et al, 2001 Dlugos DJ, Sammel MD, Strom BL, Farrar JT. Response to first drug trial predicts outcome in childhood temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 2001; 57: 2259-64.

Elwes et al, 1984 Elwes RDC, Johnson AL, Shorvon SD, Reynolds EH. The prognosis for seizure control in newly diagnosed epilepsy. N Engl J Med 1984; 311: 944-7.

Gambardella et al, 2003 Gambardella A, Manna I, Labate A, et al. GABA(B) receptor 1 polymorphism (G1465A) is associated with temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 2003; 60: 560-3.

Gelisse et al, 2001 Gelisse P, Genton P, Thomas P, et al. Clinical factors of drug resistance in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. J Neurol Neurosurg Psychiatry 2001; 70: 240-3.

Hart et al, 1990 Hart YM, Sander JWAS, Johnson AL, Shorvon SD. National general practice study of epilepsy: recurrence after a first seizure. Lancet 1990; 336: 1271-4.

Hauser et al, 1990 Hauser WA, Rich SS, Annegers JF, Anderson VE. Seizure recurrence after a 1st unprovoked seizure: an extended follow-up. Neurology 1990; 40: 1163-70.

Hauser et al, 1998 Hauser WA, Rich SS, Lee JR, Annegers JF, Anderson VE. Risk of recurrent seizures after two unprovoked seizures. N Engl J Med 1998; 338: 429-34.

Kwan et Brodie, 2000 Kwan P, Brodie MJ. Early identification of refractory epilepsy. N Engl J Med 2000; 342: 314-9.

Lamy et al, 2003 Lamy C, Domigo V, Semah F, et al. Early and late seizures after cryptogenic ischemic stroke in young adults. Neurology 2003; 60: 400-4.

Ma et al, 2005 Ma S, Abou-Khalil B, Sutcliffe JS, Haines JL, Hedera P. The GABBR1 locus and the G1465A variant is not associated with temporal lobe epilepsy preceded by febrile seizures. BMC Med Genet 2005; 6: 13.

MacDonald et al, 2000 MacDonald BK, Johnson AL, Goodridge DMG, et al. Factors predicting prognosis of epilepsy after presentation with seizures. Ann Neurol 2000; 48: 833-41.

Marson et al, 2005 Marson A, Jacoby A, Johnson A, Kim L, Gamble C, Chadwick D, Medical Research Council MESS Study Group. Immediate versus deferred antiepileptic drug treatment for early epilepsy and single seizures: a randomised controlled trial. Lancet 2005; 28(365): 2007-13.

Mattson et al, 1996 Mattson RH, Cramer JA, Collins JF, The Department of Veterans Affairs Epilepsy Cooperative Studies No. 118 and No.264 Group. Prognosis for total control of complex partial and secondarily generalized tonic-clonic seizures. Neurology 1996; 47: 68-76.

Musicco et al, 1997 Musicco M, Beghi E, Solari A, Viani F. Treatment of first tonic-clonic seizure does not improve the prognosis of epilepsy. First Seizure Trial Group (FIRST Group). Neurology 1997; 49: 991-8.

Prasad et al, 2003 Prasad A, Kuzniecky RI, Knowlton RC, et al. Evolving antiepileptic drug treatment in juvenile myoclonic epilepsy. Arch Neurol 2003; 60: 1100-5.

Salzmann et al, 2005 Salzmann A, Moulard B, Crespel A, Baldy-Moulinier M, Buresi C, Malafosse A. GABA receptor 1 polymorphism (G1465A) and temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsia 2005; 46: 931-3.

Sander, 1993 Sander JWAS. Some aspects of prognosis in the epilepsies: a review. Epilepsia 1993; 34: 1007-16.

Semah et al, 2002 Semah F, Lamy C, Demeret S. Hippocampal sclerosis and other hippocampal abnormalities in the early identification of candidates for epilepsy surgery. Arch Neurol 2002; 59: 1042-3.

Semah et al, 1998 Semah F, Picot MC, Adam C, et al. Is the underlying cause of epilepsy a major prognostic factor for recurrence? Neurology 1998; 51: 1256-62.

Siddiqui et al, 2003 Siddiqui A, Kerb R, Weale ME, et al. Association of multidrug resistance in epilepsy with a polymorphism in the drug-transporter gene ABCB1. N Engl J Med 2003; 348: 1442-8.

Sillanpää, 1993 Sillanpää M. Remission of seizures and predictors of intractability in long-term follow-up. Epilepsia 1993; 34: 930-6.

Sills et al, 2005 Sills GJ, Mohanraj R, Butler E, et al. Lack of association between the C3435T polymorphism in the human multidrug resistance (MDR1) gene and response to antiepileptic drug treatment. Epilepsia 2005; 46: 643-7.

Stephen et al, 2001 Stephen LJ, Kwan P, Brodie MJ. Does the cause of localisation-related epilepsy influence the response to antiepileptic drug treatment? Epilepsia 2001; 42: 357-62.

Tan et al, 2005 Tan NC, Heron SE, Scheffer IE, Berkovic SF, Mulley JC. Is variation in the GABA(B) receptor 1 gene associated with temporal lobe epilepsy? Epilepsia 2005; 46: 778-80.

Tan et al, 2004 Tan NC, Heron SE, Scheffer IE, et al. Failure to confirm association of a polymorphism in ABCB1 with multidrug-resistant epilepsy. Neurology 2004; 63: 1090-2.

Van Paesschen et al, 1997 Van Paesschen W, Duncan JS, Stevens JM, Connelly A. Etiology and early prognosis of newly diagnosed partial seizures in adults: a quantitative hippocampal MRI study. Neurology 1997; 49: 753-7.

Wolf et Inoue, 2002 Wolf P, Inoue Y. Juvenile absence epilepsy. In: Roger J, Bureau M, Dravet C, Genton P, Tassinari CA, Wolf P, eds. Epileptic syndromes in infancy, childhood and adolescence. Eastleigh, UK: John Libbey, 2002: 331-4.

Zimprich et al, 2004 Zimprich F, Sunder-Plassmann R, Stogmann E, et al. Association of an ABCB1 gene haplotype with pharmacoresistance in temporal lobe epilepsy. Neurology 2004; 63: 1087-9.