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Epileptic Disorders

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A characteristic occipital epileptiform EEG pattern in ADCK3-related mitochondrial disease Volume 23, issue 2, April 2021

Figure 1

EEG of Patient 1. (A) The first recording at age 10 years shows continuous bilateral synchronous and asynchronous epileptiform activity with discrete slowing in the post-temporal and occipital regions (paper segment). Montage: longitudinal bipolar. Trace duration: 10 s. (B, C) The principal findings of continuous bilateral synchronous and asynchronous epileptiform activity with occipital predominance persist from the first recording at 10 years (A) to the recording at 22 years (B) and at 38 years (C). Montage: average reference; 30 mm/s; 12.4 s trace duration; 100 μV/cm; High-pass filter (HF) 70 Hz; low pass filter (LF) 0.50 Hz; notch 50 Hz.

Figure 2

Patient 2. EEG at age 18 years shows continuous/nearly continuous bilateral epileptiform discharges over posterior head regions, mainly the occipital and mid-posterior temporal areas. Montage: average reference; 30 mm/s; 12.4 s trace duration; 100 μV/cm; HF 70 Hz; LF 0.5 Hz; notch 50 Hz.

Figure 3

Patient 3. EEG at 10 years shows nearly continuous or prolonged runs of bilateral asynchronous and synchronous epileptiform discharges in occipital (O1 and O2) and posterior-temporal leads (T5 and T6) (paper segment). Montage: average reference; 9.8 s trace duration.

Figure 4

Patient 4. Interictal EEG at age seven years shows combined multifocal and bilateral synchronous and asynchronous epileptiform discharges with spike focus in the posterior region, mostly on the left side. Montage: average reference; 30 mm/s; 12.4 s trace duration; 150 μV/cm; HF 70 Hz; LF 0.5 Hz; notch 50 Hz.