Illustrations
Figure 1
Neutrophilia, monocytopenia, and lymphopenia following LPS infusion. Sixteen healthy male volunteers received 2 ng/kg endotoxin or placebo. Short-lasting neutropenia was followed by neutrophilia (top), profound monocytopenia (middle), and lymphopenia (bottom). Data are presented as mean and SEM; p < 0.01, two-way ANOVA for all parameters between groups. The increase in monocyte counts in the placebo group could reflect a finding due to chance or a diurnal variation [24] .
Figure 1
Figure 2
Cytokine release following LPS infusion. Sixteen healthy male volunteers received 2 ng/kg endotoxin or placebo. As expected, TNF-α (upper left), IL-6 (upper right), IL-8 (lower left), and IL-10 (lower right) increased by 1-2 orders of magnitude. IL-8 levels were below detectable limit at the beginning and the end of the LPS-treatment period as well as in placebo-treated patients. Data are presented as mean and SEM; p < 0.01, two-way ANOVA for all parameters between groups.
Figure 2
Figure 3
Fold increase in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of IL-1α, IL-1β, and IL-8 in circulating blood leukocytes after in vivo challenge with 2 ng/kg E. coli endotoxin (solid symbols) or placebo (open symbols). As IL-1α mRNA was not detectable at baseline or in the placebo arm (thus not depicted), the time course in the top layer may underestimate the true increase in IL-1α. Data are presented as median and interquartile range; **p < 0.01 between groups.
Figure 3
Figure 4
Fold increase in messenger RNA (mRNA) levels of TNF-α (top) and IL-10 (bottom) in circulating blood leukocytes after in vivo challenge with 2 ng/kg E. coli endotoxin (solid symbols) or placebo (open symbols). Data are presented as median and interquartile range; **p < 0.01, two-way ANOVA for parameters between groups.
Figure 4
Tableaux
Auteurs
1 Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria
2 Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Immunology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Austria
* Correspondence: Jilma B. Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Division of Immunology and Hematology, Medical University of Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, A-1090 Wien, Austria
Background Endotoxemia induces pronounced changes in leukocyte count and enhances the release of many cytokines. However, the molecular regulation of this cytokine release is poorly characterized in humans.