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Utilisation de la chromatographie HPLC, du lit mobile simulé et de la chromatographie avec éluant supercritique pour la purification industrielle des corps gras |
Oléagineux, Corps Gras, Lipides. Volume 6, Numéro 3, 211-7, Mai - Juin 1999, La filière, aujourd'hui, demain
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 Article gratuit
 Summary
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Auteur(s) : Félicie DENET, Roger-Marc NICOUD |
Résumé : The fractionation of fatty compounds is a complex problem because of the multiplicity of product families with different structures and the similarity of the structures inside each family. So it is necessary to find a method with a large field of application and a high efficiency to separate close compounds. Chromatography matches these constraints. Indeed, a lot of stationary phases and eluents are available with different properties increasing the range of molecules to be separated. Technologic progresses have been achieved in the field of columns efficiency allowing to reach higher productivities. Moreover, new processes have been developed, mainly Simulated Moving Bed (SMB), a continuous chromatographic process. This process shows very interesting results reducing eluent consumption and enhancing productivities and purities compared to classical elution processes, mainly for difficult separations. Different mobile phases can be used answering different constraints in terms of price, toxicity, solubility... The most often used is the liquid one because of its versatility and its easy use, but supercritical one appear to be an interesting alternative because of the specific properties of these solvents (low viscosity, high diffusion coefficients, modulation of the eluent strength with pressure and temperature). All the chromatographic processes (batch or continuous) can be extrapolated at the industrial scale either with a liquid or a supercritical eluent. A specific technical study must be lead for each case, associated with a technico-economic study to determine what is the best solution for this specific problem. Some examples are presented to compare the technologies and show the results and the costs which can be reached. |
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