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The dawn of the CRISPR-Cas9 era: origins, applications and perspectives Volume 17, issue 4, Octobre-Novembre-Décembre 2015

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Authors
Laboratoire structure et instabilité des génomes,
Inserm U1154, CNRS UMR7196,
Museum national d’histoire naturelle,
43 rue Cuvier, Paris, France
* Tirés à part

The CRISPR-Cas9 system is bringing about a revolution in life sciences. This new type of nuclease allows to modify any genomic sequence of interest in a highly controlled fashion, similar to previous generations of artificial nucleases such as zinc finger and TALE nucleases but with unprecedented facility and efficiency. Following DNA cleavage, it is possible to trigger gene inactivation, insert point mutations or whole transgenes at any chosen position in the genome. From cultured cells to whole animals, for generating disease models to applications in agronomy, the impact of the CRISPR-Cas9 system keeps spectacularly extending. We review its origins and different applications as well as discuss the perspectives, limitations and questions raised by the novel possibilities for CRISPR-Cas9 mediated genome editing.