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 Printable version |
Is there a decisive marker of embryo implantation? |
Médecine Thérapeutique / médecine de la reproduction. Volume 9, Number 6, 389-98, Novembre-Décembre 2007, Revue
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 Résumé
Article gratuit
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Author(s) : Sophie Perrier d’Hauterive, Marie Tsampalas, Jean-Michel Foidart, Vincent Geenen |
Summary : Implantation of the embryo into the maternal endometrium represents a unique biological process, combining an immunological (tolerance of an allograft) and biological (adhesion of two epithlium) paradox. The success of the dynamic process of implantation requires two important actors : endometrium and blastocyste, the endometrium and the embryo, both dialoguing on the juxtacrine/paracrine mode with the maternal-fetal interface. Though sexual steroids control the process, a cascade of growth factors or cytokines are the private paracrine mediators of the dialogue at the maternal-embryonic interface. The endometrium is one of the rare tissues in which the embryo cannot implant, except during one limited period (implantation window), required for the establishment of the dialogue, in particular via the most specific signal of the embryo : the chorionic hormone gonadotrope (hCG). The absence of control of the implantation remains a major hurdle with the success of the pregnancy in assisted medical procreation. To raise part of the veil which persists on the complex cascade of the events established at the time of the implantation and on the central role of each protagonist (endometrium and embryo), it is the objective that set current research. The study of the endometrium and the uterine receptivity can open diagnostic and therapeutic new prospects, just like the best knowledge of the embryo and its physiology but especially of the maternal-fetal dialogue. To understand this complex process that is the implantation, new methods are now at the disposal of the researchers. The challenges of the research of the future will be to elucidate the complete table of the various factors which influence the implantation and to identify reliable markers of pathological or defective implantation. The description of such biomarkers would revolutionize the clinical practice in the field of infertility but also within the framework of pathologies of the implantation. |
Keywords : implantation, uterus receptivity, hCG |
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