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Evaluation of the oxidative status of children living near an open landfill Volume 20, issue 1, January-February 2021

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Authors
1 Laboratoire de toxicologie et d’hydrologie
Faculté de médecine, de pharmacie et d’odontologie
Université Cheikh Anta Diop
BP 5005 Dakar
Sénégal
2 CHU Lille
Institut Pasteur de Lille ULR 4483
Impacts de l’environnement chimique sur la santé humaine(IMPECS)
Université Lille
Lille
France
3 Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale
Centre commun de mesures
F-59140 Dunkerque
France
4 Université du Littoral Côte d’Opale
UR 4492, UCEIV
Unité de chimie environnementale et interactions sur le vivant
SFR Condorcet FR CNRS 3417
F-59140 Dunkerque
France
5 Institut de santé et développement
Université Cheikh Anta Diop
BP 5005 Dakar
Sénégal
* Tirés à part

Objective. This impact study aimed to use a variety of biomarkers to evaluate oxidative stress in children living near an open landfill and thus exposed to lead and cadmium.

Method. This cross-sectional epidemiological study comparing exposed and unexposed subjects involved 58 children aged 1 to 16 years (32 controls and 26 exposed) living near the Mbeubeuss landfill (Senegal). Our approach sought to quantify malondialdehyde and evaluate the enzymatic and non-enzymatic antioxidant systems by measuring the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and by determining the level of selenium and the GSSG/GSH ratio.

Results. Results showed that protective systems against oxidation were disrupted among the children living near Mbeubeuss. Decreases were observed in SOD and GPx activity and in the selenium level. The low level of reduced glutathione shows that oxidized glutathione is insufficiently reduced, while the significant increase in MDA levels in the exposed subjects proves the capacity of Pb and Cd to induce lipid oxidation.

Conclusion. Co-exposure to lead and cadmium in children suggests an alteration in the redox status of cells, potentially responsible for the effects of these metals on different organs.