ARTICLE
Variations in some blood minerals related to bone remodeling
and haematopoiesis in rheumatoid arthritis
R.S. Amin, F.R. Adallah, N.M. Abdel-Hamid
Objective : To estimate the blood levels of total
and ionized calcium (Ca and Ca++ ) magnesium (Mg),
phosphorus (P), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), iron (Fe) and total iron
binding capacity (TIBC) in a group of patients suffering from
rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who complained of polyarthritic pains and
showed positive rheumatoid factor (Rf) tests. This is a trial to
assess the metal status in RA patients ; a knowledge that may
help to better understand other markers relevant to the disease or
to investigate possible alternative treatment regimens, depending
on metal level preservation or restoration.
Subjects : Twenty healthy men (of ages ranging from
35 to 50 years) were classified into two groups of
10 individuals each. The first was a group of RA patients who
showed positive Rf and negative C reactive proteins (i.e. of old
polyarthritic complaint), the second was a group of negative Rf
individuals of matched ages, not complaining of any arthritic
pains, who served as a control.
Results : Serum total Ca level showed a significant
(p < 0.001) decrease, and Ca++
non-significantly decreased in RA. However, the P level was
significantly increased (p < 0.001), Mg was
non-significantly decreased and Cu was non-significantly increased
in RA patients. Zn, Fe and TIBC were significantly higher
(p < 0.001) in RA than normal individuals.
Conclusion : The results lead to the suggestion that
RA, in addition to being an autoimmune disease, is also associated
with serum mineral disturbances ; thus, a serum total Ca
decrease may exaggerate the rheumatoid arthritic symptoms without
apparent changes in the ionized portion of calcium with a
concomitant elevation in the P level. Calcium preservation may be
of value in ameliorating symptoms of bone metabolic disturbances in
RA patients instead of medication that possibly potentiates Ca
depletion. Supplementation of other minerals like Mg, Fe, and Zn
may also improve haematopoiesis and oxidative stress because both
anaemia and oxidative stress were reported to accompany RA. Thus
mineral preservation may be a very important treatment trend in RA
instead of systems that may trigger the symptoms through unexpected
mineral disturbances.
Key words: rheumatoid arthritis, total and ionized
calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, copper, zinc, iron and total iron
binding capacity (transferring)
Effect of lead and quercetin administration on magnesium
exchange in tissues of experimental rats
Iryna Andrusishina, Vasyl Stezhka, Elena Lampeka, Inna
Holub
Intra-abdominally administered 1/100 LD50 lead acetate
caused changes in magnesium concentration in blood and tissues of
intoxicated animals. This is especially evident in the brain.
Balance of Mg/Ca after Pb and Pb + quercetin intoxicated
rats caused diverse influence on magnesium concentration depending
on tissue type. Quercetin demonstrated protective action by means
of increasing magnesium in tissues of examined animals in
comparison to lead intoxicated animals.
Key words: lead, magnesium, quercetin
Magnesium and calcium in tissues of rats receiving different
doses of lithium in drinking water
Ma gorzata Kie czykowska, Kazimierz Pasternak, Jolanta
Wrońska, Irena Musik
Lithium is widely used in medicine, mainly in psychiatry. Its
administration can exert negative side effects, among other things,
disturbances of water-electrolyte equilibrium. For these reasons
investigations of the influence of different lithium doses
administered in drinking water on magnesium and calcium
concentration in rat tissues were carried out. The results showed
that Li exposure for a period of 4 weeks caused an increase in
tissue Mg concentration. In the case of Ca the tendency to decrease
was observed. Mid-range doses of lithium and, in the case of Mg
also the highest one, exerted the most significant
influence.
Key words: lithium, magnesium, calcium, rats,
tissues
Blood magnesium in patients with dislipidemia and effect of
oral magnesium supplementation (slow-Mag B6) on serum lipids
Tadeusz Kozielec, Dariusz Chlubek, Lilia Kotkowiak, Piotr
Michoń, Iwona Noceń
In this work we measured magnesium concentration in patients
with dislipidemia on the base of blood analysis. We noticed lower
than reference values of magnesium in blood. After oral magnesium
supplementation for 3 months in these patients ;
magnesium and HDL fraction concentration increased and total
cholesterol level, TG and LDL concentration decreased.
Key words: magnesium, dislipidemia, magnesium
supplementation
Trace elements in pathological tissues of the larynx
Niedzielska Grażyna, Caruk Krystyna, Pasternak Kazimierz,
Szczepańki Piotr
The aim of this study was to define magnesium, copper and zinc
concentrations in pathological larynx tissues. Thus the
concentrations of microelements were determined in vocal fold
nodules, as were polypous changes and tuberculosis of the
larynx.
Twenty-four people were examined. The control group contained
7 people who died of circulation insufficiency. The assessment
of the microelements was carried out using atomic
spectrophotometry.
The concentration of magnesium in the larynx in all the pathologic
cases was higher than in the control group. In comparison, the
concentration of copper in the control group was essentially lower
in tuberculosis of the larynx. The concentration of zinc is much
lower, mostly in tuberculosis of the larynx.
Key words: tbc laryngis, vocal nodules, polypous, copper,
zinc, magnesium
Fluoride influence on human organisms
Anna Hordyjewska, Kazimierz Pasternak
Emission of fluoride compounds into the atmosphere is still
increasing, which means that man is endangered by high doses of
this element. Our study shows the influence of fluoride on
metabolic processes in the human body, because of its high chemical
and biological activity that helps easy penetration into the cell,
causing various disturbances in the metabolism. Too much fluoride
in the organism causes a disturbance of calcium, magnesium and zinc
binding and inhibits some of the enzymes which play an important
role in carbohydrate, lipid and protein metabolism. A few studies
have shown that small doses of fluoride may activate some of them.
High concentration of fluoride causes fluorosis, but its influence
on the human body depends on dose, time and form of exposure and
individual predisposition.
Key words: fluoride, metabolism
Lithium in biology and medicine
Małgorzata Kie czykowska, Kazimierz Pasternak
Lithium, an element known from 1817, was first used in medicine
in the nineteenth century. From the 1950s, concern about lithium
has grown because of continuous new discoveries of its therapeutic
properties. In psychiatry it is used in manic states and for the
potentialization of antidepressant action. It can serve as an
adjuvant in radioiodine treatment of thyroid gland diseases.
Li+ ion can exert an insulin-like effect and decrease
chemotherapy-induced suppression of haematopoiesis in cases of
leukaemia. However, it must be emphasised that lithium
administration must be associated with monitoring of its level in
the organism because an excess can have many side effects and
disturb macro- and microelement homeostasis. Lithium salts can also
affect antioxidant barrier functions.
Key words: lithium, psychiatry, thyroid, diabetes,
bioelements, antioxidant barrier
The influence of fluoride on silicon concentration in mouse
tissues
Anna Boguszewska, Kazimierz Pasternak, Ma gorzata Sztanke,
Andrzej Borzęcki
Trace elements are very important factors in appropriate
functioning of organisms. Silicon is a very important factor, which
plays an active part in vital processes, regenerating tissues and
increasing the general immunity of an organism. It has a basic role
in the metabolism of connective tissue, development of bones,
cartilage, hair, nails, teeth in human and animals, and also in
processes of convalescence and ageing of organisms. Fluorine
compounds make bones and teeth hard, influence
calcium – phosphorous metabolism and can disturb collagen
synthesis.
The aim of our work was to determine the influence of sodium
fluoride on the concentration of silicone in mouse tissues. It has
been shown that the doses of sodium fluoride as well as the
duration of exposure have an influence on silicon content in
tissues.
Key words: fluoride, silicon, mice
Magnesium and calcium concentrations in tissues of mice
receiving fluorine
Anna Boguszewska, Kazimierz Pasternak, Ma gorzata Sztanke,
Andrzej Borzêcki
Fluorine is an important microelement essential to appropriate
organism functioning. Fluoride ions can interact with other
elements, change many enzymes’ activity, influence the main
metabolic processes such as glycolysis and synthesis of proteins
and secretion of some hormones. The aim of our experiment was to
find out the influence of sodium fluoride on magnesium and calcium
concentrations in some mouse tissues in relation to fluoride doses
and the time of exposure. The studies conducted showed great
correlation between fluoride administration and tissue
concentrations of both important bioelements.
Key words: fluorine, magnesium, calcium
Magnesium and calcium concentration in mouse tissue receiving
deltamethrin
Izabela Bronisz, Iwona Dębińska, Kazimierz Pasternak, Ma
gorzata Sztanke, Andrzej Borzęcki
Studies concerning the influence of deltamethrin on magnesium
and calcium distribution in mouse tissues were conducted.
Deltamethrin solution was administered i.p. for 7 and
14 days.
Magnesium concentration in individual tissues was determined by
spectrophotometric methods. Differences in magnesium and calcium
distributions in examined tissues have been shown. Magnesium
concentrations in brain, kidneys and lungs were higher in
deltamethrin intoxicated groups in comparison to control, however
lower in the heart. Calcium concentrations in the brain, liver,
heart and kidneys of tested mouse groups were higher than in the
control group, however it was lower in the lungs. It was shown that
deltamethrin administration for 7 and 14 days caused an
increase of magnesium concentration in the heart only and a
decrease in the other tissues.
Key words: magnesium, calcium, mousses,
deltamethrin
Magnesium serum level in patients after the acute, symptomatic
phase of viral hepatitis type B
Hanna Fota-Markowska, S awomir Kiciak
In total, 63 persons were included in the study, comprising
39 patients (12 men aged 18 to 60 and
27 women aged 20 to 76), all treated for hepatitis B. The
control group consisted of 24 healthy individuals, 13 men
aged 31 to 60 and 11 women aged 22 to 69. In
both groups, the serum blood level of Mg was estimated once. In
patients it was done 4 weeks after the disappearance of
clinical symptoms and the normalization of blood biochemical
parameters. Determinations of Mg level in blood serum were made by
AAS. The numerical data obtained were subjected to statistical
analysis. Mg serum levels in the 24 persons of the control
group were 927 ± 111 μmol/dm3. In
patients, Mg serum levels were
843.1 ± 171 μmol/dm3.
Conclusion. Analysis of serum Mg levels in patients after
the acute phase of hepatitis B shows a statistically important
decrease in the concentration of this chemical element which was
generally observed in the early period of convalescence in every
fifth patient.
Key words: acute viral hepatitis B, magnesium, serum,
AAS
Determinants of magnesium status among elderly from the Warsaw
region
Joanna Kałuża, Anna Brzozowska
Data was collected on dietary, water and supplementary magnesium
intake, magnesium serum and hair concentration from
123 non-institutionalized elderly aged 75-80 years living
in the Warsaw region. Subjects were divided into four groups
according to energy intake, serum and hair magnesium concentration.
Magnesium status was determined by energy, magnesium, and other
nutrient intake, gender, chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal
tract and physical activity. This study indicated that hair
analysis could be regarded as a useful tool for the assessment of
magnesium status only with simultaneous determination of other
parameters of magnesium status and assessment of energy and
nutrient intake.
Key words: magnesium status, hair analysis,
elderly
Effect on coffee intake on the levels of minerals in blood
serum of healthy adult persons
Jan Kobukowski, Joanna Ciborska, Jerzy Borowski, Micha
Ostrowski
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of coffee
intake on the levels of some minerals in the blood serum of healthy
adult volunteers. The results obtained showed that consumption of
medium amounts of coffee (3 cups per day) did not cause any
disturbances in sodium, potassium, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium
and iron balance. Although an increase in iron and phosphorus
levels in blood serum was observed, these minerals remained within
the values of physiological standards for humans.
Key words: coffee, sodium, potassium, calcium,
phosphorus, magnesium, iron
Concentration of calcium, sodium, potassium in serum, level of
magnesium in erythrocytes and values of haematocrit and haemoglobin
in the blood of horses in the autumn season
Anna Lubkowska, Maria Brzezińska
The aim of this study was to determine the level of Ht, Hb, Mg
in erythrocytes and Na, K, Ca in the blood serum of
38 Wielkopolska-breed horses during the autumn season. Values
of haematological parameters were within the reference values for
horses. Based on these results, the authors observed Na and K
deficiencies within both groups. Additionally, statistically
significant (p ≤ 0.05) but minus correlation coefficients
(r = –0.325) were found between potassium and sodium.
Concentrations of the remaining elements did not show
interdependences.
Key words: horses, haematological parameters,
bioelements
The influence of some factors on magnesium occurence in
teeth
Piotr Malara, Jerzy Kwapuliński, Jan Drugacz
Magnesium plays an important role in the physiology of calcified
tooth tissue. A lot of factors influence magnesium content in these
tissues.
The aim of this study is an estimation of the influence of tooth
type (incisors, canines, premolars, molars) and the donor’s sex and
age on magnesium occurrence in the tooth structure.
Material consisted of 201 permanent teeth from inhabitants of
Ruda Slaska in the age range of 20 to 68 years
(96 teeth from men and 105 teeth from women). Magnesium
content in teeth was determined by atomic absorption spectrometry
after wet mineralization of samples with spectrally pure nitric
acid.
The mean magnesium content in teeth of the whole group of donors
was 5049.60 ± 529.12 μ/g. A higher content of this
element is found in women’s teeth
(5188.91 ± 423.15 μ/g) compared to men’s teeth
(4781.15 ± 606.41 μg/g). These contents are
differentiated in relation to tooth type. Moreover, there is high
negative correlation between magnesium content in teeth and the
donor’s age.
Key words: magnesium, teeth, atomic absorption
spectrometry
Influence of chemotherapy containing doxorubicin on
concentrations of magnesium and calcium in the serum of patients
with breast cancer
Wiesawa Ogrodnik, Bożenna Karczmarek-Borowska, Kazimierz
Pasternak, Krystyna Grądziel
Magnesium and calcium are important components of the human
organism. They are in physiological concentrations in healthy man,
but concentrations of these elements in serum is changed in many
diseases and after treatment with some drugs.
Our study determined the influence of doxorubicin, an
antineoplastic agent, on concentrations of magnesium and calcium in
the serum of patients with breast cancer. The average value of
concentrations of magnesium and calcium were decreased after the
third cycle of chemotherapy with doxorubicin, but results were not
statistically significant.
Key words: breast cancer, doxorubicin, magnesium,
calcium
Does oral magnesium supplementation change the lead magnesium
concentration in the hair in analysis ?
Anna Sałacka, Tadeusz Kozielec
The statistical analysis estimating the concentration of lead
magnesium in hair was based on samples taken from 124 people
aged 19-72. The sample group consisted of 32 people receiving
magnesium. The control group received placebo. Lead and calcium
were marked twice : before and after the
supplementation.
The supplement Slow-Mag B6 was given in the form of five tablets a
day for a period of three months. For marking the elements in hair
a method of inversional voltamperometry was used with the
EDD – Tribo PC – ETP voltamperometer. The
statistical analysis showed that the concentration of lead in the
sample group was significantly lower (p < 0.01) after
magnesium supplementation. The concentration of magnesium
significantly increased (p < 0.04) after the
supplementation.
On the basis of statistical analysis of the hair analysis, we
noticed a decreased concentration after oral magnesium
supplementation.
Key words: magnesium, lead, magnesium supplementation,
hair
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