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Annales de Biologie Clinique. Volume 62, Number 5, 555-62, Septembre-Octobre 2004, article original

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Author(s) : A. Kassab-Chekir , S. Ferchichi , M. Kerkeni , S. Hammemi , M. Hammemi , S. Laradi , A. Miled

Summary : Background: lipid and glycemic imbalances are frequent disorders found in diabetes type 2. These disorders are influenced by dietary means. Aim: to investigate saturated fatty acids (SFA), polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFS) and oleic acid of cholesterol ester fraction in non-insulindependant diabetes mellitus without cardiovascular complications (NIDDM), non-insulindependant diabetes mellitus with cardiovascular complications (NIDDMc) and healthy controls. Methods: the composition of cholesterol ester fatty acids in 35 NIDDM, 33 NIDDMc and 32 controls were measured by gas-chromatography. Glycaemia and lipid profile were measured using commercial kits. Results: compared to NIDDM and to controls, NIDDMc showed a significant increase of different SFA (C12:0, C14:0, C16:0, C18:0). Oleic acid (C18:1) was significantly decreased in NIDDMc and NIDDM compared to controls (15,88 ± 2,34 and 22,66 ± 4,14 vs 28,18 ± 2,90). Linoleic acid (C18:2) was significantly increased in NIDDMc compared to NIDDM and controls (52,59 ± 5,50 vs 49,29 ± 8,58 and 39,26 ± 10,46). Linolenic acid (C18:3) and arachidonic acid (C20:4) were significantly decreased in NIDDMc compared to NIDDM and to controls. Linoleic acid (C18:2) / linolenic acid (C18:3) ratio was increased in NIDDMc. Conclusion: linoleic (C18:2) acid excess intake found in our NIDDMc could emphasize arachidonic synthesis which is directly transformed while an inflammatory syndrome observed in coronary pathologies.

Keywords : diabetes type 2, cholesterol ester, saturated fatty acid, oleic fatty acid, polyunsaturated fatty acid