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 Printable version |
Polyunsaturated fatty acids and cognitive functions |
Oléagineux, Corps Gras, Lipides. Volume 8, Number 4, 317-20, Juillet - Août 2001, Dossier : "Aliments fonctionnels et lipides"
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 Résumé
Article gratuit
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Author(s) : Sylvie CHALON |
Summary : The role of essential fatty acids in cerebral function can be approached using animal models receiving controlled dietary supply of n-3 and n-6 PUFAs. Several findings showed that a n-3 PUFA deficiency reduced the learning abilities whereas DHA supply improved these functions. However, it is difficult to distinguish between direct effects on learning and effects on performance factors such as visual competence, motivation, attention, or sensory threshold. The mechanisms involved in these effects are still partly unknown. PUFAs can act on cognitive functions through effects on the physical properties of cerebral membranes, with possible consequences on anchored proteins (receptors, transporters). They can also directly act on gene functions. In addition, effects of PUFAs can be mediated through a role on cell signalling, as they are eicosanoid precursors. Globally, more and more evidences are in agreement with influence of the PUFA status on neurotransmission processes, especially dopaminergic, serotoninergic and cholinergic. In humans, it is more difficult to evaluate the real impact of PUFAs on cognitive functions. However, data obtained on the mental evaluation during developmental period and relationships between PUFA status and neuropsychiatric disorders are in favour of effects of PUFAs on cerebral functions. This field of research illustrates the potential role of environmental factors on the mental health. |
Keywords : behaviour, DHA, monoaminergic neurotransmission. |
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